A whole year has passed since our previous update of the INNOPAY Open Banking Monitor, which means it is high time to take a new look at where the industry stands. This recent update covers the status quo of Open Banking globally, highlighting what steps banks have taken, which general trends can be identified that will shape the industry’s future, and whether these have resulted in new and innovative features and best practices that demand close attention both now and in the future. This analysis aims to offer insights into the current frontrunners, the newcomers, and the very latest API capabilities in a continuously evolving landscape.
In the following section, we highlight three key findings that have been observed since the last Open Banking Monitor (OBM) update.
European banks continue to dominate in Developer Experience (DevEx). In the latest Open Banking Monitor (see Figure 1), the upper right quadrant contains two major Dutch banks (ABN AMRO and ING Group), two large German players (Deutsche Bank and Commerzbank), and numerous other European banks (including Nordea, BBVA, the National Bank of Greece, Erste Bank and SEB). A common driver behind this differentiation can be found in the extensive Community Development efforts across these banks.
Community Development is defined as a way for banks to inform and actively engage their communities of users. Besides strengthening the bank’s position within the landscape, setting up, maintaining, and growing a community around a bank’s developer portal also incentivises users to drive innovation, leading to a greater variety of functionalities in a reduced timespan. This can be achieved by actively collaborating with the community by, for example, creating direct interaction channels with a respective bank, enabling users to suggest new API features or functionalities, or organising events and hackathons. The importance of Community Development is discussed in one of our previous publications.
Payment APIs continue to increase in number as well as in scope, now accounting for 34% of all observed API functionalities. This can be explained by the rise of more localised as well as specialised Payment APIs, such as Cross-border Payments, Instant Payments, BNPL, Recurring Payments/Standing Orders, Scheduled Payments, Request-to-pay, and Batch/Bulk Payments. In particular, the number of Instant Payment APIs is expected to continue to increase due to the current instant payment regulatory developments in Europe, which are being driven by regulators in the EU as part of their payment sovereignty agenda. Similarly, the US Federal Reserve will be launching its ‘FedNow’ instant payment service in July 2023, having begun the process of formally certifying banks to implement instant payments in April 2023. Moreover, countries such as Brazil and India have already adopted instant payments, in the shape of PIX and UPI respectively. As trends like these continue to spread around the globe, new use cases will continue to appear, with payment innovations built on top of these real-time rails.
There continues to be a significant number of APIs related to Bank & Account Information. They account for 23% of all observed API functionalities and remain stable in terms of scope. APIs in this category are still focused on Transaction History, Account Balance, List of User Accounts, and Branch/ATM locations. Unsurprisingly, functionalities once introduced by regulation (i.e. PSD2), such as Account Information APIs, make up the lion’s share of functionalities offered by banks. These functionalities are now increasingly being offered by banks outside of Europe. Unlike in Europe, however, the adoption of these APIs is not driven by regulation but rather by the industry itself in some markets, due to the value they can create for end-users, security enhancements, and banks’ revenue streams
Whereas US banks were previously lagging, there have been significant developments in the US Open Banking space in the last 12 months. While Europe still represents the lion’s share of available APIs, with 14% North American banks now make up the second-biggest geographic share in the OBM (as depicted in Figure 4). Moreover, as can be concluded from Figure 1, the quality of US developer portals has improved significantly, with Citi Bank positioning itself among the Masters in Openness. Additionally, US Bank and Wells Fargo can be highlighted due to their improved performance in the 2023 update. Both banks significantly expanded their API catalogue, with US Bank now being among the frontrunners in Functional Scope. Other noteworthy mentions are Cross River Bank as well as Capital One, with their above-average performance on Functional Scope and Developer Experience, respectively. Lastly, banking giants such as Goldman Sachs, JPMorgan, and Chase (separate portals despite being one entity) are slowly revealing their Open Banking offerings. However, they remain limited in accessibility, which makes it difficult to fully assess some US banks.
One key differentiator for US banks is the extensive offering of Investment and Foreign Exchange APIs. These APIs allow end-users to directly access relevant data and insights into different investment vehicles such as stocks, bonds, exchange rates, and currency pairs offered by the banks. Additionally, some of these APIs also enable the trading of such assets at the current time or at a predetermined later date. Considering that US Open Banking developments are industry-driven rather than regulatory-driven, US financial institutions are exploring proactive, offensive Open Banking strategies to offer APIs that can unlock new value streams.
We will share further findings from our Open Banking Monitor throughout 2024. If you would like immediate access to these publications as they become available, sign up using the button below.
INNOPAY’s portfolio of services and experience can help financial institutions design, launch, and scale up their Open Banking initiatives. If you want to know more, reach out to discuss the opportunities for your organisation.
This article was originally published in The Paypers` Global Payments and Fintech Trends Report 2024. The report compiles insights and expertise from leaders representing companies across the financial services spectrum and it delves into the latest innovations and trends in payments and fintech across key markets worldwide.
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